Step length and fall risk in adults with chronic kidney disease: a pilot study oleh Atsumi Kimura, William Paredes, Rima Pai, Hina Farooq, Rupinder S. Buttar, Matthew Custodio, Samhitha Munugoti, Sonia Kotwani, Lovepreet S. Randhawa, Solomon Dalezman, Antonio C. Elters, Kate Nam, Jose S. Ibarra, Sandheep Venkataraman, Matthew K. Abramowitz

"…Although step length and gait speed were highly correlated (r = 0.73, p < 0.001), one-third (n = 14/43) of patients with low step length did not have slow gait speed. Low step length and slow gait speed were each independently associated with the likelihood of falls (odds ratio (OR) 3.90 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–14.60) and OR 4.25 (95% CI 1.24–14.58), respectively). …"
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New Sensorless Speed Control of a Hybrid Stepper Motor Based on Fuzzy Sliding Mode Observer oleh Chunlei Wang, Dongxing Cao

"…Though open-loop features a simple structure, it bears low step resolution, high torque ripple, and low energy efficiency. …"
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OpenSHC: A Versatile Multilegged Robot Controller oleh Benjamin Tam, Fletcher Talbot, Ryan Steindl, Alberto Elfes, Navinda Kottege

"…The experimental evaluation shows that the mammalian configuration offers lower power consumption across a range of step frequencies; with the insectoid configuration providing performance advantages at higher body velocities and increased stability at low step frequencies. OpenSHC is open-source and able to be configured for various number of joints and legs.…"
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3D simulation of hybrid Fabry-Pérot for single mode fibre oleh Jean Bittebierre, Jérôme Felder

"…The principle of H-FP with a high refraction index step reflector and a low step one is also valid for integrated optics. All weak spectral oscillations in the rejection band of H-FPs have been interpreted. …"
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Impact of Sapphire Step Height on the Growth of Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide oleh Jie Lu, Miaomiao Zheng, Jinxin Liu, Yufeng Zhang, Xueao Zhang, Weiwei Cai

"…The results show that MoS₂ exhibits a highly oriented triangular grain on a low-step (0.44–1.54 nm) substrate but nanoribbons with a consistent orientation on a high-step (1.98–3.30 nm) substrate. …"
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Smartphone-Based Unconstrained Step Detection Fusing a Variable Sliding Window and an Adaptive Threshold oleh Ying Xu, Guofeng Li, Zeyu Li, Hao Yu, Jianhui Cui, Jin Wang, Yu Chen

"…Aiming at the problem of low step detection accuracy of smartphones in complex unconstrained states in PDR, smartphone-based unconstrained step detection method fusing a variable sliding window and an adaptive threshold is proposed. …"
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Stepping volume and intensity patterns in a multi-ethnic urban Asian population oleh Jennifer Sumner, Léonie Uijtdewilligen, Anne HY Chu, Sheryl HX Ng, Tiago V. Barreira, Robert Alan Sloan, Rob M. Van Dam, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider

"…Conclusions Greater promotion of brisk walking is required in light of the low step volume and pace observed in this multi-ethnic Asian population. …"
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A Two-Step Single Plex PCR Method for Evaluating Key Colonic Microbiota Markers in Young Mexicans with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Protocol and Pilot Epidemiological Application oleh Julián Herrera-Mejía, Rocío Campos-Vega, Abraham Wall-Medrano, Florinda Jiménez-Vega

"…Here, pure (260/280 nm, ~1.85) stool DNA samples (200 ng.µL⁻¹) from 48 participants [39 ASD, 9 NT; 3–13 y] were used to amplify four candidate differential CM markers [<i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> (BF), <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> (FP), <i>Desulfovibrio vulgaris</i> (DV), <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> (AM)], using micro-organism-specific oligonucleotide primers [265 bp (BF), 198 bp (FP), 196 bp (DV), 327 bp (AM)] and a standardized two-step [low (step 1: °<i>Tm</i>—5 °C) to high (stage 2: °<i>Tm</i>—0 °C) astringent annealing] PCR protocol (2S-PCR). …"
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Combined effects of sleep and objectively-measured daily physical activity on arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults oleh Youngju Choi, Keisei Kosaki, Nobuhiko Akazawa, Koichiro Tanahashi, Seiji Maeda

"…Using an accelerometer for seven consecutive days, low levels of PA were defined as low moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) <19.0 min/day and low step counts <7100 steps/day, respectively. Poor sleepers with low PA levels, as determined by MVPA and daily steps, showed higher cfPWV, but not faPWV or baPWV, in middle-aged and older adults. …"
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Key Word Use in Letters of Recommendation for Ophthalmology Residency Applicants According to Race, Gender, and Achievements oleh Sahil Aggarwal, Seanna Grob, Dhruba Banerjee, Preston J. Putzel, Jeremiah Tao

"…“Competent” appeared more commonly in LORs for low Step 1 scorers (p < 0.001) and unmatched applicants (p = 0.001). …"
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Association between doubly labelled water-calibrated energy intake and objectively measured physical activity with mortality risk in older adults oleh Daiki Watanabe, Tsukasa Yoshida, Yuya Watanabe, Yosuke Yamada, Motohiko Miyachi, Misaka Kimura

"…Participants were classified into the following four groups: low EI (LEI)/low step counts (LSC) group (EI: <2,400 kcal/day in men and <1,900 kcal/day in women; steps: <5,000 /day), n = 1,352; high EI (HEI)/LSC group (EI: ≥2,400 kcal/day in men and ≥1,900 kcal/day in women; steps: <5,000 /day), n = 1,586; LEI/high step counts (HSC) group (EI: <2,400 kcal/day in men and < 1,900 kcal/day in women; steps: ≥5,000 /day), n = 471; and HEI/HSC group (EI: ≥2,400 kcal/day in men and ≥1,900 kcal/day in women; steps: ≥5,000 /day), n = 750. …"
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Association of Wearable Device–Measured Step Volume and Variability With Blood Pressure in Older Chinese Adults: Mobile-Based Longitudinal Observational Study oleh Han Xiao, Zechen Zhou, Yujia Ma, Xiaoyi Li, Kexin Ding, Xiaotong Dai, Dafang Chen

"…Compared with participants with low step volume (daily step counts <6000/d) and irregular steps, participants with high step volume (≥9500/d) and regular steps showed the strongest decrease in systolic BP (–1.69 mm Hg, 95% CI –2.2 to –1.18), while participants with medium step volume (6000/d to <9500/d) and regular steps were associated with the lowest diastolic BP (–1.067 mm Hg, 95% CI –1.379 to –0.755). …"
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Stepped Geomorphology Shaped the Phylogeographic Structure of a Widespread Tree Species (Toxicodendron vernicifluum, Anacardiaceae) in East Asia oleh Lu Wang, Yao Li, Shuichi Noshiro, Mitsuo Suzuki, Takahisa Arai, Kazutaka Kobayashi, Lei Xie, Mingyue Zhang, Na He, Yanming Fang, Feilong Zhang

"…The wild trees of the western clade were found to be geographically restricted to the “middle step”, which is characterized by high mountains and plateaus, while those of the eastern clade were confined to the “low step”, which is mainly made up of hills and plains. …"
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Association of accelerometer-derived step volume and intensity with hospitalizations and mortality in older adults: A prospective cohort study oleh Asier Mañas, Borja del Pozo Cruz, Ulf Ekelund, José Losa Reyna, Irene Rodríguez Gómez, José Antonio Carnicero Carreño, Leocadio Rodríguez Mañas, Francisco J. García García, Ignacio Ara

"…Compared to the group having low step volume and intensity, individuals in the group having high step volume and intensity had a lower risk of hospitalization (HR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.52–0.98) and all-cause mortality (HR = 0.60, 95%CI: 0.37–0.98). …"
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The associations of daily steps and body mass index with incident gastroesophageal reflux disease in older adults oleh Joey M. Saavedra, Elizabeth C. Lefferts, Bong Kil Song, Duck-chul Lee

"…The joint exposure categories included “low steps and overweight/obesity,” “low steps and normal weight,” “high steps and overweight/obesity,” and “high steps and normal weight.”ResultsWe identified 35 (7.9%) cases of GERD over a mean follow-up of 2.5 years. …"
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Identifying Unique Subgroups of Individuals With Stroke Using Heart Rate and Steps to Characterize Physical Activity oleh Lily J. Koffman, Ciprian M. Crainiceanu, Ryan T. Roemmich, Margaret A. French

"…We defined a group‐based steps‐per‐minute threshold and an individual heart rate threshold to categorize each minute of PA into 1 of 4 states: high steps/high heart rate, low steps/low heart rate, high steps/low heart rate, and low steps/high heart rate. …"
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Step driven competitive epitaxial and self-limited growth of graphene on copper surface oleh Lili Fan, Zhen Li, Zhiping Xu, Kunlin Wang, Jinquan Wei, Xiao Li, Jie Zou, Dehai Wu, Hongwei Zhu

"…Our results showed that wide and high steps promoted epitaxial growth and yielded multilayer graphene domains with regular shape, while dense and low steps favored self-limited growth and led to large-area monolayer graphene films. …"
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Surgeon Involvement in Pre-Clinical Medical Education: Attitudes of Directors of Education oleh Simon Turner, Brendan Diederichs, Christopher de Gara

"…Conclusions: Despite the value of surgeons participating in pre-clinical education, their rate of participation is low. Steps should be taken to facilitate the involvement of surgeons in this phase of education, which may lead to improved education for students and increased student interest in surgery residencies.…"
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Exercise Volume Provides New Insight into the Effects of Housing Systems on Chicken Body Conformation, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, and Serum Biochemical Parameters oleh Peng Ren, Li Zhou, Yingfeng Xu, Meiying Chen, Zhengwei Luo, Jingjing Li, Yiping Liu

"…At 90, 120, and 150 d of age, in both cage-reared and free-range systems, the top 20 chickens with the highest step counts measured using pedometers and the bottom 20 chickens with the lowest step counts were designated as the cage high-steps group (CHS), the cage low-steps group (CLS), the free-range high-steps group (FHS), and the free-range low-steps group (FLS), respectively. …"
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Selection of X-ray Tube Settings for Relative Bone Density Quantification in the Knee Joint of Cats Using Computed Digital Absorptiometry oleh Joanna Bonecka, Bernard Turek, Krzysztof Jankowski, Marta Borowska, Tomasz Jasiński, Katarzyna Skierbiszewska, Małgorzata Domino

"…The %color pixels was the highest for low steps and the lowest for high steps (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), regardless of X-ray tube settings. …"
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