Protocol: Implementation and evaluation of an adolescent-mediated intervention to improve glycemic control and diabetes self-management among Samoan adults. oleh Nicola L Hawley, Anna C Rivara, Joshua Naseri, Kitiona Faumuina, Noelle Potoa'e-Solaita, Francine Iopu, Mata'uitafa Faiai, Eminoni Naveno, Susie Tasele, Temukisa Lefale, Ryan Lantini, Jenna C Carlson, Tracy L Rabin, Penny Semaia, Phyllis Mugadza, Rochelle K Rosen

"…<h4>Methods</h4>We will conduct a randomized controlled trial in American Samoa among n = 160 dyads (adolescent without diabetes, adult with diabetes). …"
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Complete genome sequences of two strains of Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue from Indonesia: Modular structure of several treponemal genes. oleh Michal Strouhal, Lenka Mikalová, Jan Haviernik, Sascha Knauf, Sylvia Bruisten, Gerda T Noordhoek, Jan Oppelt, Darina Čejková, David Šmajs

"…To date, seven TPE strains have been completely sequenced and analyzed including five TPE strains of human origin (CDC-2, CDC 2575, Gauthier, Ghana-051, and Samoa D) and two TPE strains isolated from the baboons (Fribourg-Blanc and LMNP-1). …"
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Whole genome sequences of three Treponema pallidum ssp. pertenue strains: yaws and syphilis treponemes differ in less than 0.2% of the genome sequence. oleh Darina Cejková, Marie Zobaníková, Lei Chen, Petra Pospíšilová, Michal Strouhal, Xiang Qin, Lenka Mikalová, Steven J Norris, Donna M Muzny, Richard A Gibbs, Lucinda L Fulton, Erica Sodergren, George M Weinstock, David Smajs

"…Both yaws and syphilis are distinguished on the basis of epidemiological characteristics, clinical symptoms, and several genetic signatures of the corresponding causative agents.To precisely define genetic differences between TPA and TPE, high-quality whole genome sequences of three TPE strains (Samoa D, CDC-2, Gauthier) were determined using next-generation sequencing techniques. …"
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Sulfur Isotope Evidence for a Geochemical Zonation of the Samoan Mantle Plume oleh James W. Dottin III, Jabrane Labidi, Matthew G. Jackson, James Farquhar

"…Here, we present multiple sulfur isotope data on sulfide extracted from subaerial and submarine whole rocks (N = 16) associated with several Samoan volcanoes—Vailulu‘u, Malumalu, Malutut, Upolu, Savai‘i, and Tutuila—that sample the full range of geochemical heterogeneity at Samoa and upon exhaustive compilation of S‐isotope data for Samoan lavas, allow for an assessment of the S‐isotope compositions associated with the different mantle components sampled by the Samoan hotspot. …"
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Community perceptions and acceptability of mass drug administration for the control of neglected tropical diseases in Asia-Pacific countries: A systematic scoping review of qualita... oleh Elke Mitchell, Angela Kelly-Hanku, Alison Krentel, Lucia Romani, Leanne J Robinson, Susana Vaz Nery, John Kaldor, Andrew C Steer, Stephen Bell

"…<h4>Findings</h4>This systematic scoping review presents available data from studies focussing on lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminths and scabies in eight national settings (India, Indonesia, Philippines, Bangladesh, Laos, American Samoa, Papua New Guinea, Fiji). The review highlights the profoundly social nature of individual, interpersonal and institutional influences on community perceptions of willingness to participate in mass drug administration programs for control of neglected tropical diseases (NTD). …"
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Community social network pattern analysis: Development of a novel methodology using a complex, multi-level health intervention oleh Jean Butel, Kathryn L Braun, James Davis, Andrea Bersamin, Travis Fleming, Patricia Coleman, Rachael Leon Guerrero, Rachel Novotny

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Preterm birth among Pacific Islander women and related perinatal outcomes: a scoping review protocol oleh Sarah Taylor, Kate Nyhan, Nicola L Hawley, Bohao Wu, Kendall J Arslanian, Veronika Shabanova, Bethel Muasau-Howard

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Protocol: Implementation and evaluation of an adolescent-mediated intervention to improve glycemic control and diabetes self-management among Samoan adults oleh Nicola L. Hawley, Anna C. Rivara, Joshua Naseri, Kitiona Faumuina, Noelle Potoa’e-Solaita, Francine Iopu, Mata’uitafa Faiai, Eminoni Naveno, Susie Tasele, Temukisa Lefale, Ryan Lantini, Jenna C. Carlson, Tracy L. Rabin, Penny Semaia, Phyllis Mugadza, Rochelle K. Rosen

"…<h4>Methods</h4> We will conduct a randomized controlled trial in American Samoa among n = 160 dyads (adolescent without diabetes, adult with diabetes). …"
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Association between a common immunoglobulin heavy chain allele and rheumatic heart disease risk in Oceania oleh Tom Parks, Mariana M. Mirabel, Joseph Kado, Kathryn Auckland, Jaroslaw Nowak, Anna Rautanen, Alexander J. Mentzer, Eloi Marijon, Xavier Jouven, Mai Ling Perman, Tuliana Cua, John K. Kauwe, John B. Allen, Henry Taylor, Kathryn J. Robson, Charlotte M. Deane, Andrew C. Steer, Adrian V. S. Hill, Pacific Islands Rheumatic Heart Disease Genetics Network

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Trachytic Melt Inclusions Hosted in Clinopyroxene Offer a Glimpse Into Samoan EM2‐Endmember Melts oleh J. V. Adams, F. J. Spera, M. G. Jackson

"…Following correction for post‐entrapment crystallization, the MIs are trachytic (62.6–65.4 wt% SiO2, 1.5–3.0 wt% MgO, and 7.2–10.6 wt% total alkalis (Na2O + K2O)) ALIA‐D115 lavas dredged off the submarine flanks of Savai'i Island, western Samoa have previously been suggested to exhibit binary endmember magma mixing between a mafic, low 87Sr/86Sr magma and an evolved, high 87Sr/86Sr magma (the Enriched Mantle 2 endmember; EM2). …"
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Deep-Sea Debris in the Central and Western Pacific Ocean oleh Diva J. Amon, Brian R. C. Kennedy, Kasey Cantwell, Kelley Suhre, Deborah Glickson, Timothy M. Shank, Randi D. Rotjan

"…The highest densities occurred off American Samoa and the main Hawaiian Islands. Debris, mostly consisting of fishing gear and plastic, were also observed in most of the large-scale marine protected areas, adding to the growing body of evidence that even deep, remote areas of the ocean are not immune from human impacts. …"
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The need for translation and cultural adaptation of audiology questionnaires to enable the development of hearing healthcare policies in the Pacific Islands: a Samoan perspective oleh Annette Kaspar, Sione Pifeleti, Carlie Driscoll

"…Although formal translation and culturally adaption of hearing-related questionnaires may seem a cumbersome process, the aim of this commentary is to illustrate the potential benefits of translating two audiology questionnaires for our use in Samoa. We have carefully selected questionnaires that will serve multiple purposes (i.e., clinical, epidemiology, monitoring and evaluation, evidence-based health policy formulation and implementation), thus making the process ultimately beneficial and worthwhile. …"
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Overexpression of lipoic acid synthase gene alleviates diabetic nephropathy of Leprdb/db mice oleh Tingting Yan, Sanqiao Yao, Weidong Wu, Yingzheng Zhao, Cheng Xiong, Meiyu Chang, Qiyu Gao, Xianwen Yi, Guangcui Xu

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Impact of Global Warming on Coral Reefs oleh Sirilak CHUMKIEW, Mullica JAROENSUTASINEE, Krisanadej JAROENSUTASINEE

"…Maps are from ReefBase, www.reefbase.org: 1, Arabian Gulf (United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Iran); 2, Red Sea; 3, east Africa; 4, southern Africa (Mozambique, South Africa); 5, Madagascar; 6, Mauritius, Reunion; 7, Seychelles; 8, Chagos; 9, Maldives; 10, Sri Lanka/southern India; 11, Andaman Sea (Andamans, Thailand, Malaysia); 12, South China Sea (Vietnam, Paracel Islands); 13, Philippines; 14, Indonesia; 15, western Australia; 16, Great Barrier Reef; 17, Ryukyu Islands; 18, Mariana Islands; 19, Palau; 20, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu; 21, Fiji; 22, Samoa; 23, French Polynesia (including Moorea); 24, Hawaiian Islands; 25, Easter Island; 26, Galapagos Islands; 27, equatorial eastern Pacific (Costa Rica, Cocos Island, Panama´, Colombia, Ecuador); 28, subtropical eastern Pacific (Mexico); 29, Mesoamerican reef system (Mexico, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua); 30, Greater Antilles (Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands); 31, Bahamas, Florida; 32, Bermuda; 33, Lesser Antilles; 34, Curaçao, Aruba, Bonaire, Los Roques; 35, Brazil.…"
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Development, validation, and application of a machine learning model to estimate salt consumption in 54 countries oleh Wilmer Cristobal Guzman-Vilca, Manuel Castillo-Cara, Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco

"…The pooled dataset where we applied the ML model included 166,677 people; the predicted mean salt consumption ranged from 6.8 g/day (95% CI: 6.8–6.8 g/day) in Eritrea to 10.0 g/day (95% CI: 9.9–10.0 g/day) in American Samoa. The countries with the highest predicted mean salt intake were in the Western Pacific. …"
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Overview, Challenges and Future Prospects of Drug Information Services in Nepal: A Reflective Commentary oleh Shrestha S, Khatiwada AP, Gyawali S, Shankar PR, Palaian S

"…Ltd, Lalitpur, Nepal; 2Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Service Research, Nepal Health Research and Innovation Foundation, Lalitpur, Nepal; 3In-Charge, Drug Information Center, Manipal Teaching Hospital and Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal; 4Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Oceania University of Medicine, Apia, Samoa; 5Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Asmita Priyadarshini KhatiwadaDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Health Service Research, Nepal Health Research and Innovation Foundation, Lalitpur, NepalTel +977-9808291951Email asmita.khatiwada2@gmail.comAbstract: Drug information center (DIC) or Medicine information services provides impartial, well-referenced, critically evaluated, updated information on various aspects of medications to healthcare professionals and consumers. …"
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In Transition towards Organic Farming: Effects of Rock Phosphate, Coral Lime, and Green Manure on Soil Fertility of an Acid Oxisol and the Growth of Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.... oleh Robert Huang, Nguyen Hue

"…The treatments were a factorial combination of 3 application rates (0, 1, 2 g/kg) of coral lime (86% CaCO₃ equivalent) from Western Samoa, 3 rates (0, 75, 150 mg/kg total P) of rock phosphate (10.6% total P, and 3.7% citrate extractable P) from central Florida, and 3 rates (0, 5, 10 g/kg) of a local cowpea green manure (2.7% N, 2.8% K). …"
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Investigating the origins of eastern Polynesians using genome-wide data from the Leeward Society Isles oleh Georgi Hudjashov, Phillip Endicott, Helen Post, Nano Nagle, Simon Y. W. Ho, Daniel J. Lawson, Maere Reidla, Monika Karmin, Siiri Rootsi, Ene Metspalu, Lauri Saag, Richard Villems, Murray P. Cox, R. John Mitchell, Ralph L. Garcia-Bertrand, Mait Metspalu, Rene J. Herrera

"…These results stress the complex demographic history of the Leeward Society Islands and challenge phylogenetic models of cultural evolution predicated on eastern Polynesia being settled from Samoa.…"
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Social Media Sharing of Articles About Measles in a European Context: Text Analysis Study oleh Dominik Wawrzuta, Mariusz Jaworski, Joanna Gotlib, Mariusz Panczyk

"…Yet, it was found that readers were more likely to share information on educational topics and the situation in Germany, Ukraine, Italy, and Samoa. A high amount of anger, joy, and sadness expressed within the text was also associated with a higher number of shares. …"
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Stratified randomization controls better for batch effects in 450K methylation analysis: A cautionary tale oleh Olive D. Buhule, Ryan L. Minster, Nicola L. Hawley, Mario eMedvedovic, Guangyun eSun, Satupaitea eViali, Ranjan eDeka, Stephen T. McGarvey, Daniel E. Weeks, Daniel E. Weeks

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