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AIM:To discuss effective ways of scientific treatment of ocular chemical injury by analyzing the effects of moderate to severe acute ocular chemical injury and amniotic membrane transplantation. <p>METHODS:Totally 36 cases(43 eyes)of Ⅱ degrees and above of ocular chemical injuries were collected, and clinical efficacy was observed by analyzing the causes of injury, the degree of injury, visual acuity and complications. <p>RESULTS:The recovery of visual acuity was well in Ⅱ degrees of burns, and the acuity of 55.6% reached over 0.6. The recovery of visual acuity >0.3 in acid burn group was 80.0%, and the recovery of visual acuity >0.3 in alkali burn group was 56.0%. The difference between two groups was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). The recovery of visual acuity >0.3 in early amniotic membrane transplantation group was 69.7%, and in early no amniotic membrane transplantation group was 50.0%; the difference between two groups was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). The incidence of serious complications of acid burn group(60.0%)was lower than the alkali burn group(84.0%), and the difference was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). The incidence of serious complications in early amniotic membrane transplantation group(60.6%)was lower than in early no amniotic membrane transplantation group(40.0%), and the difference was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Early clinical treatment, and early amniotic membrane transplantation are very important for patients with ocular burn in acute phase to reduce complications and have a better recovery.