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This study presents a novel tripartite evolutionary game model within a social-ecological system framework to address the challenge of securing sustainable operational funding for national parks while balancing social and ecological interests. The model engages 3 key stakeholders: government, public welfare organizations, and national park operators, highlighting their complex interdependencies. Findings indicate that cooperative strategies among stakeholders are more likely when appropriate incentives and penalties are applied and decrease with higher associated costs. The study recommends that policymakers implement diversified funding mechanisms, clarify fiscal responsibilities, and promote coordinated efforts between central and local governments. Additionally, reducing operational costs and barriers for public welfare organizations and park operators can enhance cooperative behavior. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing funding mechanisms for national parks and offers an innovative tool for the study of social-ecological systems.