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The aim of the article is to explain the Romanian context for inventories and analysis regarding landscape diversity, management and aesthetics. The main surveyed drivers of change are: (1) natural and cultural dimensions - geology, soils, climate, topography patterns, land use, farm types, infrastructures, settlements; (2) institutional dimensions - existing local organizations, institutions and stakeholders, power relations, legislation, tenure arrangements, and land planning policies; (3) socio-cultural and economic dimensions - attitudes and values, goals and aspirations, local culture, sense of place, agricultural and other industries, farm economy, and historical development. These three main dimensions are surveyed for two types of anthropological environments: urban - municipality level and rural - commune level. The presented information summarizes previously published materials and uses national statistical data.