Heterozygous and Homozygous Variants in <i>SORL1</i> Gene in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients: Clinical, Neuroimaging and Neuropathological Findings

oleh: Maria Isabel Alvarez-Mora, Victor Antonio Blanco-Palmero, Juan Francisco Quesada-Espinosa, Ana Rosa Arteche-Lopez, Sara Llamas-Velasco, Carmen Palma Milla, Jose Miguel Lezana Rosales, Irene Gomez-Manjon, Aurelio Hernandez-Lain, Justino Jimenez Almonacid, Belén Gil-Fournier, Soraya Ramiro-León, Marta González-Sánchez, Alejandro Octavio Herrero-San Martín, David Andrés Pérez-Martínez, Estrella Gómez-Tortosa, Eva Carro, Fernando Bartolomé, Maria Jose Gomez-Rodriguez, María Teresa Sanchez-Calvin, Alberto Villarejo-Galende, Marta Moreno-Garcia

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2022-04-01

Deskripsi

In the last few years, the <i>SORL1</i> gene has been strongly implicated in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We performed whole-exome sequencing on 37 patients with early-onset dementia or family history suggestive of autosomal dominant dementia. Data analysis was based on a custom panel that included 46 genes related to AD and dementia. <i>SORL1</i> variants were present in a high proportion of patients with candidate variants (15%, 3/20). We expand the clinical manifestations associated with the <i>SORL1</i> gene by reporting detailed clinical and neuroimaging findings of six unrelated patients with AD and <i>SORL1</i> mutations. We also present for the first time a patient with the homozygous truncating variant c.364C>T (p.R122*) in <i>SORL1</i>, who also had severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Furthermore, we report neuropathological findings and immunochemistry assays from one patient with the splicing variant c.4519+5G>A in the <i>SORL1</i> gene, in which AD was confirmed by neuropathological examination. Our results highlight the heterogeneity of clinical presentation and familial dementia background of <i>SORL1</i>-associated AD and suggest that <i>SORL1</i> might be contributing to AD development as a risk factor gene rather than as a major autosomal dominant gene.