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The spaceborne sodium Doppler lidar can be developed to measure global wind, temperature and sodium number density in the mesopause and lower thermosphere region. In order to analyze the feasibility of the lidar, simulation calculations about backscattering signals and measurement accuracy have been done in this paper. The analyzed result shows that the line-of-sight wind accuracy, horizontal wind accuracy and temperature accuracy are 0.8 m/s, 1.5 m/s and 2.5 K when the height of satellite orbit is 400 km, observational angle is 30.0°, laser power is 9.0 W, receiver diameter is 1.0 m, vertical range resolution is 2.0 km, and signal integrated time is 30.0 s.