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In order to obtain the impact factors of hydration heat of cemented tailings backfill, different evaluation indexes were selected and analyzed. The results showed that the hydration of cement was violent in the early stage of reaction. The heat release increased with the increasing of the cement-sand ratio and the slurry concentration. In the middle and late stage of the reaction, the hydration heat was mainly generated by the hydration of the cement, and the heat release increased with the increasing of the dosage of cemented powder. According to the probability statistics, 13 evaluation indexes were selected, among which the evaluation index called slurry concentration > cement-sand ratio > dosage of cemented powder occurred for 9 times. Nine evaluation results were analyzed and screened to obtain the highest and lowest heat production levels. The optimization of evaluation index is of great significance to reduce the hydration heat of filling and optimize the mixture ratio as well as improve the deep thermal environment. Keywords: Cemented tailings backfill, Hydration heat, Evaluation index, Dosage of cemented powder, Cement-sand ratio, Slurry concentration