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Highlights An optoelectronic memristor with bioinspired neuromorphic behavior was proposed based on Ag/TiO2 Nanowires: ZnO QDs/FTO. The proposed device establishes superior long/short-term synaptic plasticity in response to electrical and light stimuli, and a neuromorphic computing task is effectively implemented based on its optoelectronic performance. The device emulated complex biological associative learning behaviors, including the four features of acquisition, extinction, restoration, and generalization.