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This work studies the uncertainties associated to sea surface temperature (SST) retrievals based on MODIS data, during the upwelling that normally occur alongside of coast of Cabo Frio, Brazil. The SST results versus the physical variables collected (or calculated from them) by Cabo Frio buoy (installed at 23º 37,82’ S; 42º 12,15’ W),from 1 January 2014 to 31 January 2015, were analysed. Results have indicated that upwelling occurrence – in the study area – is highly correlated with wind direction and also that the error in the estimation of sea surface temperature using satellite data is dependent on the difference between the air temperature and the in situ sea surface temperature (collected by buoy at 30 cm). An attempt to correct the mentioned error estimations suggested and discussed