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Targeted at constructing a scientific post-evaluation system, this paper establishes 4 first indices, 9 secondary indices, and 32 third indices on the basis of post evaluation analysis of high-speed railway construction projects. With Harbin-Dalian High-speed Railway as the object of empirical analysis, the author builds a model through the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and carries out simulation calculation with Matlab. Finally, the author draws the conclusions that Harbin-Dalian High-Speed Railway gets good results. Specifically, the routes selected by survey and design are appropriate, work safety is ensured during the construction, the project operation has stimulated the GDP, the per capita GNP of residents along the high-speed railway has increased, and people’s satisfaction and willingness to participate in high-speed railway projects have been improved. Nevertheless, acoustic and radiation protection measures should be adopted to improve transport efficiency, increase project revenue, and reduce the environmental pollution caused by high-speed railway operation.