Find in Library

An innovative approach to this research is to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of biodiesel with premixed ammonia energy in a dual-fuel combustion engine and determine the best operating conditions for optimal engine responses. Experimental results of a 40% ammonia energy premixing fraction with direct injection of a biodiesel blend of 30% (40%AEPF + B30) at 80% load improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 8.42% while reducing brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) by 13.28%. It also reduces the hydrocarbon (HC) emission by 16.8%, the carbon monoxide (CO) emission by 15.06%, and the smoke opacity by 26.8%. As opposed to this, carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are elevated by 21.5% and 16.54%, respectively, relative to the 40% ammonia energy premixing fraction with direct injection of diesel (40%AEPF + Diesel). Thereafter, the ANOVA technique is also utilized to analyze the impact of operational parameters, and the findings show that the responses are statistically significant. Additionally, the results are utilized in a grey relational analysis (GRA) based optimization process to determine the appropriate operational variables. According to optimization results, 40%AEPF + B30 at 80% load provides the most efficiency and fuel economy. It is capable of being used as an alternate fuel instead of conventional diesel.