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The genus <i>Apiospora</i> is known as a cosmopolitan genus, found across various substrates. In this study, four <i>Apiospora</i> taxa were obtained from the decaying stems of bamboo and maize in northern Thailand. <i>Apiospora</i> collections were compared with known species based on the morphological characteristics and the DNA sequence data of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the partial large subunit nuclear rDNA (LSU), the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (TEF1-α) and beta-tubulins (TUB2). <i>Apiospora chiangraiense</i> sp. nov. and two new host records (<i>Ap. intestini</i> and <i>Ap. rasikravindra</i>) are introduced here based on the morphological characteristics and multi-locus analyses. Additionally, thirteen species previously identified as <i>Arthrinium</i> are introduced as new combinations in <i>Apiospora</i>, viz., <i>Ap. acutiapica</i>, <i>Ap. bambusicola</i>, <i>Ap. biserialis</i>, <i>Ap. cordylines</i>, <i>Ap. cyclobalanopsidis</i>, <i>Ap. euphorbiae</i>, <i>Ap. gelatinosa</i>, <i>Ap. locuta-pollinis</i>, <i>Ap. minutispora</i>, <i>Ap. pseudorasikravindrae</i>, <i>Ap. septate</i>, <i>Ap. setariae</i> and <i>Ap. sorghi</i>.