Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-Based Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Sennoside A, Sennoside B, Aloe-Emodin, Emodin, and Chrysophanol from <i>Senna alexandrina</i> (Aerial Parts): HPLC-UV and Antioxidant Analysis

oleh: Perwez Alam, Omar M. Noman, Rashed N. Herqash, Omer M. Almarfadi, Ali Akhtar, Ali S. Alqahtani

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2022-01-01

Deskripsi

In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were optimized to maximize the yields of sennoside A, sennoside B, aloe-emodin, emodin, and chrysophanol from <i>S. alexandrina</i> (aerial parts). The three UAE factors, extraction temperature (<i>S</i><sub>1</sub>), extraction time (<i>S</i><sub>2</sub>), and liquid to solid ratio (<i>S</i><sub>3</sub>), were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A Box–Behnken design was used for experimental design and phytoconstituent analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-UV. The optimal extraction conditions were found to be a 64.2 °C extraction temperature, 52.1 min extraction time, and 25.2 mL/g liquid to solid ratio. The experimental values of sennoside A, sennoside B, aloe-emodin, emodin, and chrysophanol (2.237, 12.792, 2.457, 0.261, and 1.529%, respectively) agreed with those predicted (2.152, 12.031, 2.331, 0.214, and 1.411%, respectively) by RSM models, thus demonstrating the appropriateness of the model used and the accomplishment of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions. Excellent antioxidant properties were exhibited by <i>S. alexandrina</i> methanol extract obtained using the optimized extraction conditions with a DPPH assay (IC50 = 59.7 ± 1.93, µg/mL) and ABTS method (47.2 ± 1.40, µg/mL) compared to standard ascorbic acid.