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This study investigates pesticide levels in celery, and compares their degradation, dissipation, distribution, and dietary risk after spraying with selenium (Se) nanoparticles. Abamectin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, and lambda-cyhalothrin were sprayed at 1.6, 6.8, 2.0, 1.0, and 0.7 g a.i. ha⁻¹ followed by a 2 g·ha⁻¹ Se nanoparticle application during the growing period. Thiamethoxam, abamectin, imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, and acetamiprid in celery degraded following a first order kinetic model after 2 g·ha⁻¹ Se nanoparticles application. With the exception of acetamiprid, the half-lives of thiamethoxam, abamectin, imidacloprid, and lambda-cyhalothrin were reduced from 2.4, 0.5, 1.2, 4.2 days without Se nanoparticles application to 1.4, 0.2, 0.9, 3.7 days with the addition of Se nanoparticles (2 g·ha⁻¹), respectively. The chronic dietary exposure risk probability (RQc) and the acute dietary exposure risk probability (RQa) of celery after Se nanoparticles application were within acceptable limits for consumption except for abamectin.