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Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) equipped with continuously variable transmission (CVT) adjust the motor operating point continuously to achieve the optimal motor operating efficiency during regenerative braking. Traditional control strategies consider the CVT efficiency as constant, while the CVT efficiency varies in different operating conditions. In order to reflect the transmission efficiency more accurately during regenerative braking, the CVT theoretical torque loss model is firstly established which then leads to the battery–front motor–CVT joint operating efficiency model. The joint operating efficiency model indicates that the system efficiency is influenced by input speed, input torque, CVT speed ratio, and battery SOC (state of charge). The compensatory strategy for the front motor barking force is proposed to make full use of its braking power and the CVT speed ratio control strategy is modified to maintain the optimal operating efficiency of the system. The simulations are performed under three typical braking conditions and UDDS, NYCC, US06 respectively, the results show that the modified control strategy increases the front motor braking power and improves the system operating efficiency.