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This article discusses the structure and the main challenges of an analysis of the way cinema has contributed to configure social representations about work in Portugal in the XXth century. The research project is called “WorkS - Work on Screen” and includes the following analytical axes: the analysis of the historical contexts of the films’ production; a content analysis of the films; and the study of the construction of social memories considering the social actors’ perspective. The research took as its basic films’ database the collection from the Arquivo Nacional das Imagens em Movimento of Cinemateca Portuguesa – Museu do Cinema.