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The first Dostoevsky's novel "The Poor Folk" is analyzed in this article as an artistic representation of tragic dissociation of people and discord between the conscious and unconscious in a person's heart. The article covers Dostoyevsky's world view in the course of writing his first novel, ways of presentation the author's point of view in it; also we follow the origins of Dostoyevsky's creative method, prove that the novel belongs to realistic sentimentalism and explain this new term.