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The very-forward energy production in hadron collisions is of paramount importance for the understanding of ultra-high energy cosmic ray air showers. The CASTOR calorimeter of CMS is located at -6:6 < η < -5:2 in the phase-space where the peak of energy is deposited at LHC. The composition and characteristics of the particles in this phase-space have a determining impact on the formation of air shower cascades. An overview of various energy measurements performed with CASTOR is reported and possible implications for cosmic ray physics are outlined.