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Mental health is an important integral part of public health. It is important to deal with the mental health of the total population and not just mental health of individuals. According to some estimates, each year one out of four Europeans wil face mental health problems. Costs are reflected in various areas, by far the most important burden is the lost productivity at workplace. It usually exceeds the direct costs of health and social care due to mental illness. Therefore, mental health has risen high in the health policy agenda in many European countries, both in terms of promoting the general mental health of their populations as well as addressing the needs of mentally ill people. The purpose of the article is to show the economic burden of mental illness in the EU and Slovenia.