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Abstract Introduction: Phacoemulsification is a new and modern cataract surgery; although surgically induced astigmatism is an unavoidable complication. The site of incision is an important factor in complication. The horizontal incision is a safer method of surgery; but in practice, surgeons prefer to make easier oblique incision. So we compared surgically induced astigmatism after these incisions. Methods: In a randomized prospective clinical study, 66 patients with ≤ 1 diopter (D) astigmatism were evaluated. Horizontal and oblique clear corneal incisions were performed. Topography values were evaluated and changes in surgically induced astigmatism were calculated by vector analysis; independent t-test was used to compare mean values. Finding: The mean surgically induced astigmatism was 0.95 ± 0.57 diopters (D) in the oblique incision group and 0.83 ± 0.56 (D) in horizontal incision group. The difference in surgical induced astigmatism between two incision types was not statistically significant (P = 0.73) Conclusion: There is not any statistically significant difference in surgical induced astigmatism between oblique and horizontal incision groups.