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Isolation, Characterization and Biological Action of Type-1 Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins from Tissues of <i>Salsola soda</i> L.
oleh: Nicola Landi, Sara Ragucci, Lucía Citores, Angela Clemente, Hafiza Z. F. Hussain, Rosario Iglesias, José M. Ferreras, Antimo Di Maro
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2022-08-01 |
Deskripsi
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are known as RNA N-glycosylases. They depurinate the major rRNA, damaging ribosomes and inhibiting protein synthesis. Here, new single-chain (type-1) RIPs named sodins were isolated from the seeds (five proteins), edible leaves (one protein) and roots (one protein) of <i>Salsola soda</i> L. Sodins are able to release Endo’s fragment when incubated with rabbit and yeast ribosomes and inhibit protein synthesis in cell-free systems (IC<sub>50</sub> = 4.83–79.31 pM). In addition, sodin 5, the major form isolated from seeds, as well as sodin eL and sodin R, isolated from edible leaves and roots, respectively, display polynucleotide:adenosine glycosylase activity and are cytotoxic towards the Hela and COLO 320 cell lines (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.41–1200 nM), inducing apoptosis. The further characterization of sodin 5 reveals that this enzyme shows a secondary structure similar to other type-1 RIPs and a higher melting temperature (Tm = 76.03 ± 0.30 °C) and is non-glycosylated, as other sodins are. Finally, we proved that sodin 5 possesses antifungal activity against <i>Penicillium digitatum</i>.