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Objective To study the effect of angelica polysaccharide on proliferation and apoptosis of rat cardiomyocyte line H9c2. Methods Rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 was divided into a control group (Control group), doxorubicin (ADR) induced H9c2 cell replication dilated cardiomyopathy cardiomyocyte group (ADR group), APS intervention (APS group), transfection anti-miR-NC (APS+anti-miR-NC group) and transfected anti-miR-4701-3p(APS+anti-miR-4701-3p group). Flow cytometry was applied to determine apoptosis, Western blot was employed to test B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax), nuclear related antigen Ki-67(Ki-67) and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein expression, enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method was used to detect B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level. Cell proliferation was detected by commercially available kit 8(CCK-8), and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the microRNA-4701-3p(miR-4701-3p) expression. Results Adriamycin significantly increased BNP content, apoptosis rate, and Bax protein level in H9c2 cells, and greatly reduced Bcl-2 protein expression(P＜0.05). Angelica polysac-charide obviously increased H9c2 cell viability, Ki-67, PCNA, Bcl-2 protein expression and miR-4701-3p expression after doxorubicin induction, and remarkably reduced cell apoptosis and Bax protein expression(P＜0.05). Knockdown of miR-4701-3p significantly reduced the cell viability, Ki-67, PCNA, and Bcl-2 protein levels of dilated cardiomyopathy H9c2 cells treated with angelica polysaccharide, while significantly increased its apoptosis rate and Bax protein expression(P＜ 0.05). Conclusions Angelica polysaccharide up-regulates the expression of miR-4701-3p, promotes the proliferation of adriamycin-induced rat cardiomyocyte line H9c2.