Rare Genetic Variants in Human <i>APC</i> Are Implicated in Mesiodens and Isolated Supernumerary Teeth

oleh: Chomchanok Panyarat, Siriruk Nakornchai, Kanoknart Chintakanon, Niramol Leelaadisorn, Worrachet Intachai, Bjorn Olsen, Sissades Tongsima, Ploy Adisornkanj, Chumpol Ngamphiw, Timothy C. Cox, Piranit Kantaputra

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2023-02-01

Deskripsi

The activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling is a prerequisite for odontogenesis. APC, a member of the AXIN-CK1-GSK3β-APC β-catenin destruction complex, functions to modulate Wnt/β-catenin signalling to establish regular teeth number and positions. APC loss-of-function mutations are associated with the over-activation of WNT/β-catenin signalling and subsequent familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP; MIM 175100) with or without multiple supernumerary teeth. The ablation of Apc function in mice also results in the constitutive activation of β-catenin in embryonic mouse epithelium and causes supernumerary tooth formation. The objective of this study was to investigate if genetic variants in the <i>APC</i> gene were associated with supernumerary tooth phenotypes. We clinically, radiographically, and molecularly investigated 120 Thai patients with mesiodentes or isolated supernumerary teeth. Whole exome and Sanger sequencing identified three extremely rare heterozygous variants (c.3374T>C, p.Val1125Ala; c.6127A>G, p.Ile2043Val; and c.8383G>A, p.Ala2795Thr) in <i>APC</i> in four patients with mesiodentes or a supernumerary premolar. An additional patient with mesiodens was compound as heterozygous for two <i>APC</i> variants (c.2740T>G, p.Cys914Gly, and c.5722A>T, p.Asn1908Tyr). Rare variants in <i>APC</i> in our patients are likely to contribute to isolated supernumerary dental phenotypes including isolated mesiodens and an isolated supernumerary tooth.