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The kinematics simulation analysis and improvement design of transplanting mechanism are conducted based on virtual prototyping technology. Through using Pro/E,the 3D model of the transplanting mechanism with elliptic gear is established,and then transferred into MSC. ADAMS software for kinematics simulation analysis. The simulation result shows that there are several obvious fluctuations in the speed curves of seedling claw point in the post-processing. This indicated that there is sudden change about the velocity,which could weaken the accuracy of the transplanting position and reduce the work stability of the transplanting mechanism. Through analysis,the cam design is not reasonable in the compensation mechanism. The cam of compensation mechanism is improved,and then the simulation analysis is reconducted. Through the improvement of transplanting mechanism,the fluctuations in the speed curves of seedling claw point are less than before,which could increase the accuracy of planting and the work stability of the transplanting mechanism,as well as prolong the service life of the gears.