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The article is devoted to the role of inhibitor-protected aminopenicillins in the treatment of community-acquired infections of the lower respiratory tract. Data are provided on the relevance of LRTIs, the aetiology of CAP and infectious exacerbations of COPD, the pharmacological characteristics of amoxicillin /clavulanate, which allowed it to occupy a leading role in the antibiotic therapy regimens of these diseases. The paper presented modern ideas about the directions of antimicrobial therapy of CAP and its complications (lung abscess, pleural empyema). It considered the antibacterial therapy indications for exacerbations of chronic bronchitis /COPD, and presented the treatment regimens with due account for the current clinical guidelines.