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Cyclopeptides usually play a pivotal role, either in the viability or virulence of fungi. Two types of cyclopeptides, six new hydroxamate siderophore cyclohexapeptides (<b>1</b>–<b>6</b>), including acremonpeptides E and F, and their complexes with aluminum and ferric ions; one new cyclic pentapeptolide, aselacin D (<b>9</b>); together with a known compound, aselacin C (<b>10</b>), were isolated and characterized from the sponge-derived fungus <i>Acremonium persicinum</i> F10. In addition, two new siderophore analogues chelating gallium ions (Ga³⁺), Ga (III)-acremonpeptide E (<b>7</b>) and Ga (III)-acremonpeptide F (<b>8</b>), using isolated acremonpeptides E and F, were prepared. The planar structures of <b>1</b>–<b>10</b> were elucidated by HRESIMS and (1D and 2D) NMR. The absolute configurations of amino acids were determined by means of the advanced Marfey’s method and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer was performed to disclose the elements of compound <b>1</b>, indicating the existence of aluminum (Al). Al (III)-acremonpeptides E (<b>1</b>), Ga (III)-acremonpeptides E (<b>5</b>), Al (III)-acremonpeptide F (<b>7</b>), and Ga (III)-acremonpeptide F (<b>8</b>) displayed high in vitro anti-fungal activities, which are comparable to amphotericin B, against <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger.</i>