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Goat milk has been frequently implicated in staphylococcal food poisoning. The potential risk of raw goat milk contaminated by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) in Shaanxi province of China is still not well documented. This study investigated the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, as well as virulence-related genes of <i>S. aureus</i> from raw goat milk samples in Shaanxi, China. A total of 68 <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were cultured from 289 raw goat milk. Most of the isolates were resistant to penicillin and oxacillin, although 41.18%, 33.82%, and 29.41% of the isolates expressed resistance to piperacillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Our data demonstrated that 91.18% of the isolates produced biofilm, of which 54.41% isolates belonged to high-biofilm producers. In addition, genotypic analysis of biofilm related genes (<i>fnbA, clfB, fnbB, cna</i>) revealed that 91.18% of the isolates harbored at least one of the genes, in which the most prevalent genes were <i>fnbA</i> (66. 17%), <i>clfB</i> (48.53%), and <i>fnbB</i> (26.47%). 94.8% of the isolates contained at least one toxin-related gene, of which <i>seb</i> (76.47%), <i>tsst</i> (36.76%), and <i>sea</i> (23.53%) genes were the more frequently detected. Further analysis revealed a positive association between <i>fnbA</i>, <i>clfB</i>, <i>fnbB</i>, <i>seb</i>, <i>tsst,</i> and <i>sea</i> genes and certain antibiotic resistance. The results indicated that raw goat milk samples contaminated by <i>S. aureus</i> can be a potential risk to public health.