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Owing to its favorable impacts on the properties of materials, nanotechnology is rapidly growing. Adding nano particles to a material can significantly affect its mechanical and physical properties. In recent years, nanotechnology has been applied in the field of medical sciences in order to enhance the quality of treatment procedures. This technology can be used in various aspects of dentistry. In the present study, a comprehensive literature review is conducted on the applications of nanotechnology in endodontics. It was concluded that nanotechnology can be utilized in fillers, irrigants and photodynamic therapy to achieve more beneficial results. Based on the reviewed studies, it is well acknowledged that antibacterial nano particles can be used for disinfection and have shown acceptable efficacy in elimination of bacterial cells. Moreover, nanotechnology is applicable to sealers used in endodontics. By using nano-sized materials, anti-leakage property of the sealer can be enhanced. In addition, nanotechnology can be applied in photodynamic therapy in endodontics. By using nanotechnology, it is possible to enhance the efficacy of this method.