Blood Omega-3 Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated With Albumin-Creatinine Ratio in Young and Healthy Adults (The Omega-Kid Study)

oleh: Mark G. Filipovic, Martin F. Reiner, Martin F. Reiner, Saskia Rittirsch, Irina Irincheeva, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Kirsten Grossmann, Martin Risch, Martin Risch, Lorenz Risch, Lorenz Risch, Lorenz Risch, Andreas Limacher, David Conen, Juerg H. Beer, Juerg H. Beer

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-01

Deskripsi

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and with beneficial effects on CV risk factors. The albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) is a risk factor for CVD, all-cause mortality and accelerated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline in the general population. We aimed to investigate the association between n-3 PUFAS and ACR in heathy individuals with preserved GFR.Design and Methods: The present cross-sectional analysis is part of the GAPP study, a population-based cohort of healthy adults aged 25–41 years. Individuals with known CVD, diabetes, or a BMI >35 kg/m2 were excluded. eGFR was calculated according to the combined Creatinine/Cystatin C CKD-EPI formula. ACR was obtained from a fasting morning urine sample. The Omega-3 Index (relative amount of EPA and DHA of total fatty acids in %) was obtained from whole blood aliquots.Results: Overall, 2001 participants (median age 37 years IQR 31; 40, 53% female) were included in this analysis. Median Omega-3 Index was 4.59 (IQR 4.06; 5.25) and median eGFR 111 ml/min/1.73 m2 (IQR 103; 118). Median ACR was 0.14 mg/mmol (IQR 0; 0.43). We found a significant inverse association of the Omega-3 Index with ACR (ratio 0.84, 95%CI 0.73–0.96; p = 0.011) which remained after comprehensive adjustment (ratio 0.86, 95%CI 0.74–1.00; p = 0.048). No association of the Omega-3 Index with eGFR was found. The adjusted difference in eGFR per 1-unit increase in Omega3-Index was −0.21 (95%CI −0.76; 0.35; p = 0.47).Conclusions: A higher Omega-3 Index was significantly associated with lower ACR in this young and healthy population with preserved eGFR. Omega-3 fatty acids may exhibit cardio- and nephroprotective effects in healthy individuals through modulation of ACR.