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Recurrence after postinicizsional hernia surgery is an unsolved problem so far. In literature the hernia reccurence varies between 1% and 50%, influenced by the postoperative follow-up period. The purpose of this paper is to describe the term „complex postincisional hernia“. It becomes necessary to clarify the term and make a classification in order to be able to apply a surgical treatment adapted to the patient's plurifactorial pathology and to allow comparison of the results between the different surgical methods. This paper is a review of the literature on this subject, obtained through the use of EPOS, NCBI, PubMed, MedLine, Embase and other international databases.