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Background. Festering inflammation of lower extremities is one of the most frequent surgical complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The results of its treatment can not be admitted as satisfactory. The aim of the study was to carry out the analysis of the causes of diabetic foot syndrome and negative results of the treatment on an outpatient basis. Materials and methods. The analysis of the causes of development and negative results of treatment is conducted in 142 patients with DM and ulcer of the foot. We have used the follow-up cards with the detailed evaluation of disease history, lifestyle, presence of pernicious habits and other complications of DM. Results. Lethal cases are registered in 17 patients, amputation of the lower limb was detected in 19 patients. Amputations of the toes were performed in 61 % cases, within the limits of the foot — in 15 % of persons, 6 % of patients operated at the level of shin, and in 18 % of cases, amputation at the level of thigh was performed. The most risk of amputation is related to the presence of foot deformity. Conclusions. Most patients with DM on admission to the hospital for diabetic foot syndrome had long-term decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism, violations of lipid metabolism and concomitant cardiovascular pathology. At the moment of ulcer detection, the majority of patients had a combination of sensorimotor neuropathy with other risk factors — foot deformity, the presence of ulcers and/or amputations in the past medical history.