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<div><table width="368" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>:<em> </em></strong> Q fever is an important widespread reemerging zoonosis. The presence of <em>Coxiella burnetii</em> in 100 tick-infested dogs was assessed in this study.</p><p><strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>:<em> </em></strong> The blood samples from 100 referred dogs were acquired and evaluated by nested-PCR.</p><p><strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>:<em> </em></strong><em> </em><em>C. burnetii</em> was detected in 11 out of 100 (11%) blood samples. Most of the positive dogs were kept outdoor and fed on raw diet. Based on our findings, Q fever should be considered as an emerging disease in dogs in Iran; so, zoonotic importance of this population must be notified. To better understanding the role and pathogenic importance of dogs in Q fever outbreak and to determine whether this organism can be transmitted directly from dogs to human further in-depth studies are necessary.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Conclusion</em>:<em> </em></strong> It is determined that <em>C. burnetii</em> is present in dogs in southeast of Iran and people who are in contact with this population, especially asymptomatic ones are at increased risk of infection.