Find in Library

For more than three decades, honeybee colonies (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) have experienced high losses during winter and these losses are still continuing. It is crucial that beekeepers monitor their colonies closely and anticipate losses early enough to apply mitigating actions. We tested whether colony size can be used as early predictor for potential colony losses, in particular due to the parasitic mite <i>Varroa destructor</i>. <i>V. destructor</i> is one of the most important causes of these losses. Such an early predictor for potential <i>V. destructor</i> induced losses is especially relevant as measuring <i>V. destructor</i> load in colonies is difficult and cumbersome. Over three years, we monitored colonies with high and low <i>V. destructor</i> loads from July until March of the next year. We found that differences in colony size were only visible after November, even though we lost almost all colonies every winter in the group with a high <i>V. destructor</i> load. In the Northern hemisphere, November is considered to be too late for beekeepers to strengthen colonies in preparation for winter. We therefore argue that early warning signs for potential colony losses due to <i>V. destructor</i> are urgently needed to allow beekeepers to prevent winter losses. We discuss the role of precision apiculture in monitoring the health and productivity of beehive colonies.