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In order to understand the relationships between a French colonial medical review (first seen as a mean of disseminating knowledge) and a colonial empire (taken as a political framework requiring a positioning of the actors involved), we test the validity and draw the lines of the concept of actors and network. These concepts, legitimate under certain conditions, will help us in better identifying/defining the intentions, roles and means of the different types of actors that constitute a network. They will also enable us to better understand the creation, funding, direction, longevity, distribution and editorial choices of this review. Finally, it will be an opportunity to propose a large number of leads for eventual investigations which can interest both the history of science and knowledge and colonial history, and hopefully, contribute to nurturing exchanges between these different fields of historiography.