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<i>Platycodon grandiflorus</i> is a plant widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, of which polysaccharides are reported to be the main components responsible for its bio-functions. In this work, the inulin-type fructan (PGF) was obtained by DEAE anion exchange chromatography from the water extracted from <i>P. grandifloras</i>. Characterization was performed with methanolysis, methylation, and NMR and the results showed that PGF is a &#946;-(2-1) linked fructan, with terminal glucose and with a degree of polymerization of 2&#8211;10. In order to study its biofunctions, the prebiotic and immunomodulation properties were assayed. We found that PGF exhibited good prebiotic activity, as shown by a promotion on six strains of lactobacillus proliferation. Additionally, the PGF also displayed direct immunomodulation on intestinal epithelial cells and stimulated the expressions of anti-inflammatory factors. These results indicated that the inulin from <i>P. grandiflorus</i> is a potential natural source of prebiotics as well as a potential intestinal immunomodulator, which will be valuable for further studies and new applications.