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Introduction Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has been shown to be effective in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE); however, there are no data to suggest that ramucirumab has the same effects. Methods We therefore decided to conduct a phase II study of ramucirumab plus docetaxel for NSCLC patients with MPE. The MPE control rate at eight weeks after the start of treatment will be the primary endpoint, and the objective response rate, progression‐free survival, one‐year survival rate, overall survival, and toxicity profile will be secondary endpoints. Discussion A previous study indicated that administering chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab was effective at controlling pleural effusion in patients with NSCLC with carcinomatous pleurisy. It is expected that ramucirumab will have a similar effect to the same group.