Find in Library
Search millions of books, articles, and more
Indexed Open Access Databases
Control of Heterobasidion in Norway Spruce Stands: The Impact of Stump Cover on Efficacy of Urea and <i>Phlebiopsis gigantea</i> and Implications for Forest Management
oleh: Astra Zaluma, Patrick Sherwood, Lauma Bruna, Uvis Skola, Talis Gaitnieks, Jonas Rönnberg
| Format: | Article |
|---|---|
| Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2021-05-01 |
Deskripsi
This study investigated the efficacy of Rotstop<sup>®</sup>, a native Latvian <i>Phlebiopsis gigantea</i> strain and 35% urea solution in combination with a stump cover treatment to control against natural spore infection by <i>Heterobasidion</i> spp. upon precommercial thinning of Norway spruce in three stands growing on former agricultural lands. The major findings were that (i) infection rates of <i>Heterobasidion</i> spp. on stumps treated with the native <i>P. gigantea</i> strain, Rotstop<sup>®</sup> or urea are similar when stumps are uncovered, and (ii) stump cover promotes stump colonization by the Latvian <i>P. gigantea</i> strain and Rotstop<sup>®</sup>, leading to a significantly smaller relative area colonized by <i>Heterobasidion</i> spp., as well greater efficiency against <i>Heterobasidion</i> in comparison with urea. Covering of stumps appears beneficial for controlling Heterobasidion stump colonization and may be valuable to forest owners if used in small-scale operations, but it is impractical in automatized thinnings, where managers should consider using regular Rotstop<sup>®</sup> without covering the stumps.