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Classical subclavian steal syndrome (SSS) refers to a series of clinical symptoms,such as vertebral⁃basilar artery ischemia and upper extremity arterial ischemia caused by the stenosis or occlusion of the proximal subclavian artery or the innominate artery. In addition, SSS through the bridge of internal mammary artery and similar SSS caused by arterio⁃venous fistula in dialysis are also worthy of attention.