Nitrite Concentration in the Striated Muscles Is Reversely Related to Myoglobin and Mitochondrial Proteins Content in Rats

oleh: Joanna Majerczak, Agnieszka Kij, Hanna Drzymala-Celichowska, Kamil Kus, Janusz Karasinski, Zenon Nieckarz, Marcin Grandys, Jan Celichowski, Zbigniew Szkutnik, Ulrike B. Hendgen-Cotta, Jerzy A. Zoladz

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2022-02-01

Deskripsi

Skeletal muscles are an important reservoir of nitric oxide (NO<sup>•</sup>) stored in the form of nitrite [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>] and nitrate [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>] (NO<sub>x</sub>). Nitrite, which can be reduced to NO<sup>•</sup> under hypoxic and acidotic conditions, is considered a physiologically relevant, direct source of bioactive NO<sup>•</sup>. The aim of the present study was to determine the basal levels of NO<sub>x</sub> in striated muscles (including rat heart and locomotory muscles) with varied contents of tissue nitrite reductases, such as myoglobin and mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins (ETC-proteins). Muscle NO<sub>x</sub> was determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography-based method. Muscle proteins were evaluated using western-immunoblotting. We found that oxidative muscles with a higher content of ETC-proteins and myoglobin (such as the heart and slow-twitch locomotory muscles) have lower [NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>] compared to fast-twitch muscles with a lower content of those proteins. The muscle type had no observed effect on the [NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>]. Our results demonstrated that fast-twitch muscles possess greater potential to generate NO<sup>•</sup> via nitrite reduction than slow-twitch muscles and the heart. This property might be of special importance for fast skeletal muscles during strenuous exercise and/or hypoxia since it might support muscle blood flow via additional NO<sup>•</sup> provision (acidic/hypoxic vasodilation) and delay muscle fatigue.