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Study of EAF steel dust composition is essential for the development and implementation of the environmentally friendly and cost-effective metallurgical processes. Content of metal oxides and complex composition of EAF dust (sulfides, silicates, carbonates and other) has been evaluated with the use of TERRA thermochemical software package and analyzed by combination of XRD analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy. It was found that each of the used techniques has its own application niche. Specifically, thermodynamic modeling enables one to additionally specify those chemical compounds which have not been detected by other analysis techniques. Keywords: Electric Arc Furnace, Dust composition, XRD analysis, Mössbauer spectroscopy, Thermodynamic modeling, Chemical compounds