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Ultra-Low Loading of Iron Oxide and Platinum on CVD-Graphene Composites as Effective Electrode Catalysts for Solid Acid Fuel Cells
oleh: Mhamad Hamza Hatahet, Hagen Bryja, Andriy Lotnyk, Maximilian Wagner, Bernd Abel
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2023-07-01 |
Deskripsi
We propose a new design for electrocatalysts consisting of two electrocatalysts (platinum and iron oxide) that are deposited on the surfaces of an oxidized graphene substrate. This design is based on a simple structure where the catalysts were deposited separately on both sides of oxidized graphene substrate; while the iron oxide precipitated out of the etching solution on the bottom-side, the surface of the oxidized graphene substrate was decorated with platinum using the atomic layer deposition technique. The Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-decorated CVD-graphene composite exhibited better hydrogen electrooxidation performance (area-normalized electrode resistance (ANR) of ~600 Ω·cm<sup>−</sup><sup>2</sup>) and superior stability in comparison with bare-graphene samples (ANR of ~5800 Ω·cm<sup>−</sup><sup>2</sup>). Electrochemical impedance measurements in humidified hydrogen at 240 °C for (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>|Graphene|Platinum) electrodes show ANR of ~0.06 Ω·cm<sup>−</sup><sup>2</sup> for a platinum loading of ~60 µg<sub>Pt</sub>·cm<sup>−</sup><sup>2</sup> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> loading of ~2.4 µg<sub>Fe</sub>·cm<sup>−</sup><sup>2</sup>, resulting in an outstanding mass normalized activity of almost 280 S·mg<sub>Pt</sub><sup>−1</sup>, exceeding even state-of-the-art electrodes. This ANR value is ~30% lower than the charge transfer resistance of the same electrode composition in the absence of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles. Detailed study of the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> electrocatalytic properties reveals a significant improvement in the electrode’s activity and performance stability with the addition of iron ions to the platinum-decorated oxidized graphene cathodes, indicating that these hybrid (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>|Graphene|Platinum) materials may serve as highly efficient catalysts for solid acid fuel cells and beyond.