Oligosaccharides from Palm Kernel Cake Enhances Adherence Inhibition and Intracellular Clearance of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Enteritidis In Vitro

oleh: Rui Qing Foo, Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi, Wei Li Chen, Syahida Ahmad, Kok Song Lai, Zulkifli Idrus, Juan Boo Liang

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2020-02-01

Deskripsi

<i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar (ser.) Enteritidis (<i>S.</i> Enteritidis) is a foodborne pathogen often associated with contaminated poultry products. This study evaluated the anti-adherence and intracellular clearance capability of oligosaccharides extracted from palm kernel cake (PKC), a by-product of the palm oil industry, and compared its efficacy with commercial prebiotics&#8212; fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and mannanoligosaccharide (MOS)&#8212;against <i>S.</i> Enteritidis in vitro. Based on the degree of polymerization (DP), PKC oligosaccharides were further divided into &#8216;Small&#8217; (DP &#8804; 6) and &#8216;Big&#8217; (DP &gt; 6) fractions. Results showed that the Small and Big PKC fractions were able to reduce (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) <i>S.</i> Enteritidis adherence to Cancer coli-2 (Caco-2) cells at 0.1 mg/ mL while MOS and FOS showed significant reduction at 1.0 mg/mL and 10.0 mg/mL, respectively. In terms of <i>S.</i> Enteritidis clearance, oligosaccharide-treated macrophages showed better <i>S.</i> Enteritidis clearance over time at 50 &#181;g/mL for Small, Big and MOS, while FOS required a concentration of 500 &#181;g/mL for a similar effect. This data highlights that oligosaccharides from PKC, particularly those of lower DP, were more effective than MOS and FOS at reducing <i>S.</i> Enteritidis adherence and enhancing <i>S.</i> Enteritidis clearance in a cell culture model.