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Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is an extremely rare entity representing only 0.5% to 0.8% of all urothelial malignancies. Clinical suspicion is difficult due to its rarity and inconclusive clinical and radiological features. A 67-year-old lady with a history of hematuria presented to the hospital in a state of shock. After proper workup, a mass with heterogeneous density was seen in the lower portion of the left kidney. After radical nephrectomy, histopathological examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis. Squamous Cell Carcinoma should be suspected in a patient with a long history of renal calculus and associated mass in non-functioning kidney. Keywords: Calculus; mass; pelvis; squamous cell carcinoma