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Microencapsulation protects lactic acid bacteria against adverse conditions of environment and gastrointestinal tract and increases their survival. This study was conducted with three treatments, namely control, alginate-L. brevis (AL-LAB), and alginate-chitosan-L. brevis (AL-CHI-LAB). The results showed that the zeta-potential for microcapsules fixed by AL-CHI–LAB and AL–LAB were -16.5 and -17.2 mV, respectively. The SEM images showed cubic and non-aggregated structures for three types of microcapsules. The significantly highest survival rate for the AL-CHI-LAB observed in the GIT simulated conditions (59/50 %), and the significantly highest survival rate for the AL-LAB at the in vivo conditions of the GIT (50 %). To investigate SOD and GPX gene expression levels in roosters' testicular tissues, L. brevis was fed (106 CFU/g) to thirty-two roosters aged about 60 weeks for two months. The GPX gene expression level in the testicular tissue was higher in the AL-CHI-LAB (6.57) than other treatments and it was not significantly different from the AL-LAB (4.09). The SOD gene expression was not significantly different among treatments. The results indicated that AL-CHI-LAB could improve the antioxidant capacity of testicular tissues by increasing the GPX gene expression, thereby improving aging-related reproductive performance.