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To strengthen concrete beams, a new anchorage was proposed, and its performance was evaluated in this study. Seven concrete beams were manufactured and flexurally loaded with displacement control up to the failure point. As important test variables, the anchorage type (new/conventional) and the prestress levels in the steel rebar (0, 50, and 100 kN) were selected. To investigate the strengthening effects based on these test variables, the deflection, strain, and failure mode were recorded, and then the load, ductility index, and energy ratio were analyzed. Test results showed that the newly proposed end anchorage had better strengthening effects and a greater inelastic energy than the conventional end anchorages.