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Plant as an Alternative Source of Antifungals against <i>Aspergillus</i> Infections: A Review
oleh: Lee Fang Tan, Vi Lien Yap, Mogana Rajagopal, Christophe Wiart, Malarvili Selvaraja, Mun Yee Leong, Puay Luan Tan
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2022-11-01 |
Deskripsi
<i>Aspergillus</i> species consists of a group of opportunistic fungi that is virulent when the immunity of the host is compromised. Among the various species, <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> is the most prevalent species. However, the prevalence of fungal infections caused by non-fumigatus <i>Aspergillus</i> has been increasing. Polyenes, echinocandins and azoles are the three main classes of antifungal agents being used for the treatment of aspergillosis. Nevertheless, the incidence of resistance towards these three classes has been rising over the years among several <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. The side effects associated with these conventional antifungal agents have also limited their usage. This urges the need for the discovery of a safe and effective antifungal agent, which presents a major challenge in medicine today. Plants present a rich source of bioactive molecules which have been proven effective against a wide range of infections and conditions. Therefore, this present review intends to examine the current literature available regarding the efficacy and mechanism of action of plant extracts and their compounds against <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. In addition, novel drug delivery systems of plant extracts against <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. were also included in this review.