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Perylene-3,4-dicarboxylic imides are prepared by a new decarboxylizing condensation with moderately sterically hindered primary amines. Perylene-3,4-dicarboxylic anhydride is prepared via a saponification reaction of the dicarboximide and is a starting material for a number of new types of chromophores. A second route to novel perylene derivatives is a partial hydrolysis of perylene dyes and a condensation with diamines. The dyes thus obtained are orange to red fluorescing in solution.