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The shearer cutting drum plays an important role in improving the mining efficiency of the coal mine. Starting from the basic theoretical mechanics, this paper analyzes the force on the shearer cutting drum of a certain model, establishes the mathematical model of the force on the cutting drum, sets the shearer calculation parameters, and calculates the load of the cutting tooth on the shearer cutting drum. Through the analysis, it is concluded that the threeway instantaneous load of the drum cutting tooth is irregularly distributed, and the axial force has sudden changes in magnitude and direction. The research content of this paper has certain guiding significance for the layout design of shearer drum and cutting tooth.