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Abstract Continuous fast pyrolysis is developed for in situ synthesis of ultra‐small metal oxide nanoparticles embedded into three‐dimensional macroporous carbon matrix as demonstrated by the TiO2/carbon nanohybrid. The TiO2 nanoparticles with the average size of 4.6 nm ± 0.6 nm are uniformly distributed in the in situ generated macroporous carbon matrix. When evaluated as an anode in a lithium‐ion battery, the macroporous TiO2/C nanohybrid exhibits a reversible capacity of 483 mAh g–1 after 500 cycles at a current density of 67 mA g–1, which is 3.6 times higher than that of the TiO2/C calcined in a conventional batchwise way. Besides, the capacity retains 93 mAh g–1 at a high current density of 670 mA g–1. It reveals that the continuous fast pyrolysis is an efficient method to fabricate carbon composition based metal oxides as lithium‐ion battery anode materials.